Ignou Question Bank (432)
Ignou Question Bank from previous year papers
Children categories
Ms-495, Question Bank (2)
Ms-495, Question Bank, Ethics And Corporate Governance In Banks
IB0-04 Question Bank (3)
IB0-04 Quesiton Bank, Export - Import Procedures And Documentation
MC0-03 Question Bank (2)
MC0-03 Question Bank, Research Methodology And Statistical Analysis
Ms-53 December, 2011 Production/Operations Management
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comDecember, 2011
Ms-53 : Production/Operations Management
SECTION - A
1. (a) What are the important elements of JIT manufacturing ? How does JIT system eliminate waste, enforce continuous improvement ? What are the benefits of JIT manufacturing ?
(b) A company is producing certain type of circuit breakers. The fixed cost of land building, etc, is Rs 40,000. The variable cost is Rs. 10 per unit production. If the sales price of the product is Rs. 20 per unit, what should be the minimum production level ? If the firm is operating at present so that production is 8000 units what is the firms profit ?
2. (a) Define Productivity. Discuss the importance of productivity measurement and productivity improvement in an industry.
(b) A group of six jobs are to be processed through a two-step operation. The first operation involves cleaning and the second involves painting. Determine a sequence that will minimize the total completion time for this group of jobs. Processing times are as follows :
|
Processing |
Time (hours) |
|
|
Job |
Work centre - I |
Work centre – II |
|
A |
20 |
27 |
|
B |
16 |
30 |
|
C |
43 |
51 |
|
D |
60 |
12 |
|
E |
35 |
28 |
|
F |
42 |
-24 |
3. (a) Explain the various factors that are to be taken into account for plant location. Discuss in connection with setting up an electronic equipment plant.
(b) Processing times (including set up times) and due dates for six jobs waiting to be processed at a work centre are given in the following table. Determine the sequence of jobs, the average flow time, average job lateness and average number of jobs at the work centre, for each of these rules.
(i) SPT, and
(ii) EDD.
4. (a)
|
Job |
Processing Time (days) |
Due date (days) |
|
A |
2 |
7 |
|
B |
8 |
16 |
|
C |
4 |
4 |
|
D |
10 |
17 |
|
E |
5 |
15 |
|
F |
12 |
18 |
What is materials management ? How does materials management in a manufacturing
operation differ from that in a non-manufacturing operation ?
(b) A time study of a restaurant activity yielded a cycle time of 2.00 minutes, and the
waitress was rated at PR=96 percent. The restaurant chain has a 20 percent allowance
factor. Find the standard time.
5. (a) What are some ways managers can try to keep organisations current on Technology? Discuss with suitable examples.
(b) The following are 3 months of demand data for emergency room service at a hospital. Using a = 0.2 and a forecast of 706 for the first month, calculate the exponentially smoothed forecasts for the demand in months 2 through 4.
|
Month |
Actual |
|
1 |
721 |
|
2 |
816 |
|
3 |
671 |
SECTION – B
6. (a) Suppose you were asked to set up a cost-control program for an established automobile manufacturing firm. Explain briefly, the steps you would feel were absolutely vital for such a program.
(b) A local distributer for a national tyre company expects to sell approximately 9600 steel-belted radial tyres of a certain size and tread design neat year. Annual carrying costs are Rs. 16 per tyre, and ordering cost are Rs. 75. The distributer operates 288 days a year.
(i) What is the E0Q ?
(ii) How many times per year does the store reorder ?
(iii) What is the length of an order cycle ?
7. Write short notes on any five of the following :
(a) Zero defects
(b) Preventive Maintenance
(c) The House of Quality Matrix
(d) Flexible Manufacturing systems
(e) Vendor Rating
(f) Group Technology
(g) Chronic loss
(h) Job enrichment.
Ms-53 December 2012 Production Operations Management
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comDecember, 2012
Ms-53 : Production Operations Management
1. (a) Define Operations Management. Identify its various components. Explain why operations management is multidiciplinary and how it becomes more effective ?
(b) Explain Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and how is this used by TQM Organizations ?
2. (a) Describe how leadership by top management is the driver of quality. Use appropriate examples relevant to industry in the context of either auto or IT industry.
(b) Define forecasting. Give utility of forecasts in production management. List down general steps in Forecasting Process and specify whether some are more relevant for long term forecasting.
3. (a) What is process capability ? Explain process capability studies as taken up in manufacturing organizations.
(b) Explain importance of layout decisions and capacity decisions. Explain how capacity planning for a single-stage system is done ?
4. (a) Explain with the help of appropriate chart the conventional method of developing process layout.
(b) Discuss Just in time manufacturing. Give its important components. Explain how waste is eliminated ?
5. (a) Explain important elements of Materials Requirement Planning (MRP).
(b) Explain major characteristics of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). Give benefits of TPM in manufacturing system.
6. Write short notes on any four of the following :
(a) Break Even Analysis.
(b) Flexible Manufacturing System.
(c) Kanban Systems.
(d) Time-series model of demand forecasting.
(e) Optimized Production Technology.
(f) Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP).
Ms-52 December 2009 Project Management
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comDecember, 2009
Ms-52 : Project Management
1. A project schedule has the following characteristics :
|
Activity |
Time |
Activity |
Time |
|
1 – 2 |
4 |
5 – 6 |
4 |
|
1 – 3 |
1 |
5 – 7 |
8 |
|
2 – 4 |
1 |
6 – 8 |
1 |
|
3 – 4 |
1 |
7 – 8 |
2 |
|
3 – 5 |
6 |
8-10 |
5 |
|
4 – 9 |
5 |
9-10 |
7 |
(a) Draw the Project Network.
(b) Find out the critical path and activities.
(c) Explain the importance of critical path in a project.
(d) Determine the total float for each activity.
2. (a) What are the phases of a project development cycle ? Give the salient tasks under each phase.
(b) What are the different levels of forecasting and their respective role in decision making ?
3.(a) What are the traditional methods of financial evaluation of the projects ? Why are they considered deficient ? Explain.
(b) Explain the do's and don'ts of a good detailed project report.
4.(a) How does management of projects with the aid of network analysis help in the design and procurement of materials and equipment in line with the priorities ?
(b) Explain the various methods of resource allocation for the management of projects.
5.(a) "Costing is a guestimate and pricing is a strategy". Elaborate.
(b) What are the different organization structures recommended for project organisations and what are their advantages and disadvantages ?
6.(a) What is the role of project cost estimates in defining the total scope of a project ?
(b) Lean and Virtual organisations cannot function without empowerment. Explain.
7.(a) Explain briefly the process of managing transition from project to operation.
(b) Explain the importance of "Project Review" in the context of control of a project.
Ms-52 June 2010 Project Management
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2010
MS-52 : Project Management
SECTION – A
1. What are some aspects of the project manager's job that make it more demanding than the job of a manager working in a more routine organisational framework ? Justify your answer with suitable examples.
2. A large number of project - management softwares have been developed to facilitate and control various projects of all kinds. How can Microsoft Project/Primavera Project Planner help with variety of scheduling and costing of tasks ?
3. Technology and processes play crucial role in certain projects. What are the key issues in regards to choice of technology, equipment and processes at the stage of formulation of DPR ?
4. A good team-work speeds up project implementation. Developing self directed project
teams is the key to improving effectiveness in project management. Elucidate.
5. (a) A firm uses simple exponential smoothing with a=0.1 to forecast demand. The forecast for the week of February 1 was 500 units, whereas actual demand turned out to be 450 units.
(i) Forecast the demand for the week of February 8.
(ii) Assume that the actual demand during the week of February 8 turns out to be 505 units. Forecast the demand for the week of February 15.
(b) The moving - average forecast and actual demand for a hospital drug are as shown in the accompanying table. Compute the MAD, and the tracking signal.
|
Month |
Actual Demand |
Forecast Demand |
|
27 |
71 |
78 |
|
28 |
80 |
75 |
|
29 |
101 |
83 |
|
30 |
84 |
84 |
|
31 |
60 |
88 |
|
32 |
73 |
85 |
SECTION – B
6. The details of activities of a construction project are given below. Draw a network and determine job project completion time, critical activities and total float for each activity.
|
Activity |
Predecessor |
Duration (days) |
|
A |
- |
14 |
|
B |
A |
15 |
|
C |
B |
25 |
|
D |
A |
20 |
|
E |
D |
12 |
|
F |
A |
9 |
|
G |
F |
21 |
|
H |
G |
24 |
|
I |
C |
16 |
|
J |
B,I |
18 |
|
K |
H |
20 |
|
L |
K |
6 |
|
M |
E |
8 |
|
N |
J,C |
7 |
|
P |
M,G |
10 |
7. Write short notes (any four) :
(a) Cybernetics
(b) TQM in Projects
(c)Integrated cost/schedule graph
(d) Task Force Concept
(e) Project Scheduling
(f) Environment Impact Assessment.
Ms-52 June 2011 Project Management
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2011
Ms-52 : Project Management
1. (a) Distinguish between Project and production management giving examples. Identify the critical success factors in project management.
(b) Elaborate the concept of opportunity studies in project management. How do they affect project feasibility studies ?
2. (a) Explain the errors in demand forecasting. How can we optimise the conflicting factors of cost and accuracy of demand forecasting ?
(b) "Decisions made during the design phase have major impact on the entire life - cycle
of a protect." - Justify with reasoning.
3. (a) Compare and contrast product organization structure with project organization structure.
(b) Elaborate your understanding about Integrated project management information system. Give an example of capital shutdown of boiler or turbine of thermal power plant.
4. (a) Discuss the process of planning and controlling materials and equipment through contracting.
(b) Explain FEEDFORWARD control in Project Management. Differentiate this from feedback control.
5. (a) Identify the factors affecting the control of project cost. Also give brief idea of PERT COST system.
(b) Discuss the prevalent quality control method in project management.
6. The project related information is given below :
|
Task |
1-2 |
2-3 |
2- 4 |
3 -4 |
3 -5 |
4-6 |
5-8 |
|
Time (Weeks) |
2 |
7 |
3 |
3 |
5 |
3 |
5 |
|
Task |
6 – 7 |
7 – 9 |
8 – 9 |
6-10 |
9- 10 |
|
Time (Weeks) |
8 |
4 |
1 |
4 |
7 |
(a) Draw the network diagram
(b) Identify the critical path
(c) Calculate the Project completion time
(d) Calculate the total float of all activities.
Ms-52 December 2012 Project Management
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comDecember, 2012
Ms-52 : Project Management
1. The following information is given of a project :
|
Activity : |
1215 23243646565 76878 |
|
Time (Months : |
4 2 2 6 3 9 5 7 1 10 |
(a) Draw the Project diagram.
(b) Determine the project completion time.
(c) Identify the critical path and activities.
(d) Calculate the total float of each activity.
(e) Explain the difference between total float and slack.
2. (a) Elaborate your understanding about Pre-feasibility study of industrial project.
(b) What are different levels of forecasting ? Also explain the errors in demand forecasting.
3. (a) Discuss briefly the various methods of economic analysis of projects.
(b) "Projects should be formulated primarily to meet the needs and wants of customers ."Highlight the importance of market analysis in project management.
4. (a) Discuss the various methods of resource allocation in any project.
(b) What is matrix organisation ? Explain its advantages and disadvantages in project management.
5. (a) Elaborate your understanding regarding management of contracting for materials and equipment in project environment.
(b) Explain the factors affecting the control of project cost.
6. (a) Describe the objectives, planning procedure and organisation structure required for commissioning of projects.
(b) Explain how cybernetics concepts applied to project management.
Ms-51 June , 2010 Operations Research
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2010
MS-51 : Operations Research
1. (a) "Operations Research (OR) is an aid for the executive in making his/her decisions by providing him/her with needed quantitative information based on the scientific method of analysis". Discuss the statement and give atleast two examples to illustrate how operations research is helpful in decision making.
(b) A manufacturing company is producing two products A and B. Each requires processing on two machines 1 and 2. Product A requires 03 hours of processing on machine 1 and 02 hours on machine 2. Product B requires 2 hours of processing on machine 1 and 6 hours on machine 2. The unit profits for product A and product B are Rs. 10 and Rs. 20 respectively. The available time in a given quarter on machine 1 and machine 2 are 1200 hrs and 1500 hrs respectively. The market survey has predicted that not more than 400 units of product A and not more than 250 units of product B can be sold in the given quarter. The company wants to determine the product mix to maximize the profits. Formulate the problem as linear programming mathematical model and determine the profit.
2. (a) Why is the simplex method a better technique than a graphical approach for ost real cases ? Construct the dual to the following primal problem :
Max z = 6x1 + 10x2
Subject to the constraints
4x 1 +12x2 < 100
6x1 + 4x2 < 70
10x1 — 6x < 20
x2 < 20
x1, > x2 > 0
(b) In a grocery store, the daily demand of bread over a 100 days period has the following frequency distribution :
|
Daily Demand |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
Number of Days |
5 |
25 |
35 |
20 |
5 |
10 |
Using the above data, and random numbers (27, 13, 80, 10, 54, 60, 49, 78, 66, 44), simulate a 10 - days sequence of the demand of bread.
3. (a) Suggest optimum assignment of 4 workers A, B, C and D to 4 Jobs I, II, III, and IV. The time taken by different workers in completing the different jobs is given below :
|
JOBS |
|||||
|
I |
II |
III |
IV |
||
|
A |
8 |
10 |
12 |
16 |
|
|
WORKERS |
B |
11 |
11 |
15 |
8 |
|
C |
9 |
6 |
5 |
14 |
|
|
D |
15 |
14 |
9 |
7 |
|
Also indicate the total time taken in completing the jobs.
(b) Find the initial solution of the following transportation problem by using Vogel Approximation Method :
|
DESTINATION |
||||||
|
|
P |
Q |
R |
S |
SUPPLY |
|
|
SOURCE |
A |
21 |
16 |
25 |
13 |
11 |
|
B |
17 |
18 |
14 |
23 |
13 |
|
|
C |
32 |
17 |
18 |
41 |
19 |
|
|
DEMAND |
6 |
10 |
12 |
15 |
||
Also find its optimal solution by using MODI method.
4. (a) What are the limitations of Game theory ? Show how a two persons zero - sum game problem can be formulated as a linear programming problem.
(b) For the following game, find the optimal strategies of A and B and the value of the game by using the principle of dominance :
|
PLAYER B |
|||||
|
B1 |
B2 |
B3 |
B4 |
||
|
Al |
7 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
|
|
PLAYER A |
A2 |
— 4 |
—3 |
9 |
10 |
|
A3 |
3 |
0 |
4 |
2 |
|
|
A4 |
10 |
5 |
—2 |
0 |
|
5. (a) "Small variations in optimal order size will not change the total cost appreciably". Do you agree with this statement ? Give Justification in support of your answer.
(b) A purchase manager places an order each time for a lot of 500 units of product A. From the available data, the following results are obtained :
Inventory carrying cost = 40% of purchase cost
Ordering cost per order = Rs.600
Cost per unit = Rs.50
Annual demand = 1000
Find out the loss to the organization due to his ordering policy.
6. Write short notes on any three of the following :
(a) Travelling salesman problem
(b) ABC Analysis
(c) Non-linear programming
(d) Similarities between dynamic programming and linear programming
(e) Branch and bound method
Ms-52 June 2013 Project Management
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2013
Ms-52 : Project Management
1. (a) Distinguish between Project and Production Management. Discuss the critical success factors in project management.
(b) Explain your understanding regarding "Technical Analysis" in the context of project management.
2. (a) Discuss the various available methods for economic analysis of projects.
(b) Discuss the various issues related to equipment and process technology as applied to project management.
3. (a) What is resource levelling ? Discuss the various methods of resource levelling.
(b) Discuss the relevant and different types of cost to be estimated in the life cycle of a project. How does the level of accuracy increase progressively ?
4. (a) What are the different Organisation Structures recommended for project organisation ? Explain their advantages and disadvantages.
(b) What do you understand by "Feedforward Project Control" ? How do you compare it with Feed Back System ? Explain the role of Feedforward Control in MIS for project management.
5. (a) Explain the pitfalls in the traditional method of cost accounting and expenditure control in projects.
(b) Discuss the quality control methods usually applied in project management.
Ms-51 June , 2010 Operations Research
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2010
MS-51 : Operations Research
1. (a) "Operations Research (OR) is an aid for the executive in making his/her decisions by providing him/her with needed quantitative information based on the scientific method of analysis". Discuss the statement and give atleast two examples to illustrate how operations research is helpful in decision making.
(b) A manufacturing company is producing two products A and B. Each requires processing on two machines 1 and 2. Product A requires 03 hours of processing on machine 1 and 02 hours on machine 2. Product B requires 2 hours of processing on machine 1 and 6 hours on machine 2. The unit profits for product A and product B are Rs. 10 and Rs. 20 respectively. The available time in a given quarter on machine 1 and machine 2 are 1200 hrs and 1500 hrs respectively. The market survey has predicted that not more than 400 units of product A and not more than 250 units of product B can be sold in the given quarter. The company wants to determine the product mix to maximize the profits. Formulate the problem as linear programming mathematical model and determine the profit.
2. (a) Why is the simplex method a better technique than a graphical approach for ost real cases ? Construct the dual to the following primal problem :
Max z = 6x1 + 10x2
Subject to the constraints
4x 1 +12x2 < 100
6x1 + 4x2 < 70
10x1 — 6x < 20
x2 < 20
x1, > x2 > 0
(b) In a grocery store, the daily demand of bread over a 100 days period has the following frequency distribution :
|
Daily Demand |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
Number of Days |
5 |
25 |
35 |
20 |
5 |
10 |
Using the above data, and random numbers (27, 13, 80, 10, 54, 60, 49, 78, 66, 44), simulate a 10 - days sequence of the demand of bread.
3. (a) Suggest optimum assignment of 4 workers A, B, C and D to 4 Jobs I, II, III, and IV. The time taken by different workers in completing the different jobs is given below :
|
JOBS |
|||||
|
I |
II |
III |
IV |
||
|
A |
8 |
10 |
12 |
16 |
|
|
WORKERS |
B |
11 |
11 |
15 |
8 |
|
C |
9 |
6 |
5 |
14 |
|
|
D |
15 |
14 |
9 |
7 |
|
Also indicate the total time taken in completing the jobs.
(b) Find the initial solution of the following transportation problem by using Vogel Approximation Method :
|
DESTINATION |
||||||
|
|
P |
Q |
R |
S |
SUPPLY |
|
|
SOURCE |
A |
21 |
16 |
25 |
13 |
11 |
|
B |
17 |
18 |
14 |
23 |
13 |
|
|
C |
32 |
17 |
18 |
41 |
19 |
|
|
DEMAND |
6 |
10 |
12 |
15 |
||
Also find its optimal solution by using MODI method.
4. (a) What are the limitations of Game theory ? Show how a two persons zero - sum game problem can be formulated as a linear programming problem.
(b) For the following game, find the optimal strategies of A and B and the value of the game by using the principle of dominance :
|
PLAYER B |
|||||
|
B1 |
B2 |
B3 |
B4 |
||
|
Al |
7 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
|
|
PLAYER A |
A2 |
— 4 |
—3 |
9 |
10 |
|
A3 |
3 |
0 |
4 |
2 |
|
|
A4 |
10 |
5 |
—2 |
0 |
|
5. (a) "Small variations in optimal order size will not change the total cost appreciably". Do you agree with this statement ? Give Justification in support of your answer.
(b) A purchase manager places an order each time for a lot of 500 units of product A. From the available data, the following results are obtained :
Inventory carrying cost = 40% of purchase cost
Ordering cost per order = Rs.600
Cost per unit = Rs.50
Annual demand = 1000
Find out the loss to the organization due to his ordering policy.
6. Write short notes on any three of the following :
(a) Travelling salesman problem
(b) ABC Analysis
(c) Non-linear programming
(d) Similarities between dynamic programming and linear programming
(e) Branch and bound method
Ms-51 December, 2009 Operations Research
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comDecember, 2009
Ms-51 : Operations Research
1. Solve the following problem through SIMPLEX method.
Minimize Z = — 3x1+ x2+ x3
Subject to
x1 —2x2 + x3 < 11
—4x1+ x2 + 2x3 > 3
— 2x1 + x3 = 1
x1 > 0, x2 > 0 and x3 >0
2. (a) Discuss the queue parameters. How do you specify a querraing system ?
(b) A refuelling station is served by a single pump machine for providing service to the petrol vehicles. The arrival process has shown that the distribution of times between arrivals is negative exponential with a mean of 10 minutes. Similarly, service times were found to be adequately described by a negative exponential distribution with a mean of 6 minutes. Waiting space is unlimited. Determine:
(i) Probability that the customer has to wait.
(ii) Mean number of customer in the system.
(iii) Percentage utilisation of the service station.
(iv) Steady - state probability of having four customers in the system.
3. (a) Define Operations Research. Discuss its application in manufacturing and non - manufacturing sectors.
(b) State and explain Bellman's Principle of optimality.
4. (a) Write the general form of LP problem in matrix notation.
(b) The demand of an item is uniform at a rate of 25 units per month. The fixed cost is Rs. 30/- each time a production is made. The production cost is Rs. 2/- per item and rinventory carrying cost is 50 paisa per unit per month. If the shortage cost is Rs. 3/-per item per month, determine how often to make a production and of what size ?
5. Write short notes on any three of the following :
(a) GOAL Programming
(b) GOMORY'S cutting plane Algorithm
(c) Selective Inventory Control
(d) Pure and Mixed Strategy
(e) Sensitivity Analysis
(f)
More...
Ms-51 June , 2010 Operations Research
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2010
MS-51 : Operations Research
1. (a) "Operations Research (OR) is an aid for the executive in making his/her decisions by providing him/her with needed quantitative information based on the scientific method of analysis". Discuss the statement and give atleast two examples to illustrate how operations research is helpful in decision making.
(b) A manufacturing company is producing two products A and B. Each requires processing on two machines 1 and 2. Product A requires 03 hours of processing on machine 1 and 02 hours on machine 2. Product B requires 2 hours of processing on machine 1 and 6 hours on machine 2. The unit profits for product A and product B are Rs. 10 and Rs. 20 respectively. The available time in a given quarter on machine 1 and machine 2 are 1200 hrs and 1500 hrs respectively. The market survey has predicted that not more than 400 units of product A and not more than 250 units of product B can be sold in the given quarter. The company wants to determine the product mix to maximize the profits. Formulate the problem as linear programming mathematical model and determine the profit.
2. (a) Why is the simplex method a better technique than a graphical approach for ost real cases ? Construct the dual to the following primal problem :
Max z = 6x1 + 10x2
Subject to the constraints
4x 1 +12x2 < 100
6x1 + 4x2 < 70
10x1 — 6x < 20
x2 < 20
x1, > x2 > 0
(b) In a grocery store, the daily demand of bread over a 100 days period has the following frequency distribution :
|
Daily Demand |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
Number of Days |
5 |
25 |
35 |
20 |
5 |
10 |
Using the above data, and random numbers (27, 13, 80, 10, 54, 60, 49, 78, 66, 44), simulate a 10 - days sequence of the demand of bread.
3. (a) Suggest optimum assignment of 4 workers A, B, C and D to 4 Jobs I, II, III, and IV. The time taken by different workers in completing the different jobs is given below :
|
JOBS |
|||||
|
I |
II |
III |
IV |
||
|
A |
8 |
10 |
12 |
16 |
|
|
WORKERS |
B |
11 |
11 |
15 |
8 |
|
C |
9 |
6 |
5 |
14 |
|
|
D |
15 |
14 |
9 |
7 |
|
Also indicate the total time taken in completing the jobs.
(b) Find the initial solution of the following transportation problem by using Vogel Approximation Method :
|
DESTINATION |
||||||
|
|
P |
Q |
R |
S |
SUPPLY |
|
|
SOURCE |
A |
21 |
16 |
25 |
13 |
11 |
|
B |
17 |
18 |
14 |
23 |
13 |
|
|
C |
32 |
17 |
18 |
41 |
19 |
|
|
DEMAND |
6 |
10 |
12 |
15 |
||
Also find its optimal solution by using MODI method.
4. (a) What are the limitations of Game theory ? Show how a two persons zero - sum game problem can be formulated as a linear programming problem.
(b) For the following game, find the optimal strategies of A and B and the value of the game by using the principle of dominance :
|
PLAYER B |
|||||
|
B1 |
B2 |
B3 |
B4 |
||
|
Al |
7 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
|
|
PLAYER A |
A2 |
— 4 |
—3 |
9 |
10 |
|
A3 |
3 |
0 |
4 |
2 |
|
|
A4 |
10 |
5 |
—2 |
0 |
|
5. (a) "Small variations in optimal order size will not change the total cost appreciably". Do you agree with this statement ? Give Justification in support of your answer.
(b) A purchase manager places an order each time for a lot of 500 units of product A. From the available data, the following results are obtained :
Inventory carrying cost = 40% of purchase cost
Ordering cost per order = Rs.600
Cost per unit = Rs.50
Annual demand = 1000
Find out the loss to the organization due to his ordering policy.
6. Write short notes on any three of the following :
(a) Travelling salesman problem
(b) ABC Analysis
(c) Non-linear programming
(d) Similarities between dynamic programming and linear programming
(e) Branch and bound method
Ms-51 June, 2011 Operations Research
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2011
MS-51 : Operations Research
1. (a) Discuss the historical background of Operations Research (O.R). Explain its significance and scope in Management Des ci s ion Ma king. Enumerate the limitations of O.R.
(b) Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically.
Maximize Z = 4x1 + 6x2
Subject to constraints
x1+x2 =5
x1 ≥ 2
x2 ≤ 0
x1, x2 ≥ 0
2.(a) Derive the equation for Economic Batch Quantity (EBQ) for simultaneous production and consumption
(b) The annual demand for an item is 3200 units. The unit cost is Rs. 6/- and inventory carrying cost is 25% per annum. If the cost of one procurement is Rs. 150/- find out.
(i) Economic Order Quantity
(ii) No. of orders per year
(iii) Time between two consecutive orders
(iv) The optimal cost Mention assumptions made, if any.
3.(a) Discuss the application of dynamic programming in decision making. How is this different from linear programming ?
(b) An organization has three consultants. Each consultant can work upto 160 hours during next month during which three projects roust be completed. Project 1 will take 130 hours, Project 2 will take 140 hours and Project 3 will take 160 hours. The mount (l's.) per hour that can be billed for assigning each consultant to each project is given below:-
|
Consultant |
Project |
||
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
|
1 |
1200 |
1500 |
1900 |
|
2 |
1400 |
1300 |
1200 |
|
3 |
1600 |
1400 |
1500 |
Formulate this as a transportation problem and find the optimal solution. What is the
maximum total billing for next month ?
4. (a) Explain the meaning of Dominance Principle in Game Theory. Illustrate with a small example.
(b) A bakery keeps stock of a popular brand of cakes. Previous experience shows the daily pattern for the item with associated probabilities as given :
|
Daily Demand (Nos) |
0 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
|
Probability |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.15 |
0.5 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
Use the following sequence of random numbers to simulate the demand for next 10 days. Also find the average demand per day. Random Nos. 25, 39, 65, 76, 12, 05, 73, 89, 19, 49.
5. (a) Discuss the parameters of Queuing Problem.
(b) A self - service store employs one cashier at its counter. Nine customers arrive on an average every 5 minutes while the cashier can serve 10 customers in 5 minutes. Assuming Poisson distribution for arrival rate and exponential distribution for service rate, find
(i) Average number of customers in the system.
(ii) Average number of customers in queue or average queue length.
(iii) Average time a customer spends in the system.
(iv) Average time a customer waits before being served.
6. Write short notes on any four of the following :
(a) Branch and bound algorithm
(b) Goal Programming
(c) Non - linear Programming
(d) Assignment Problem
(e) Dual Linear Programming Problem
(f) Traveling salesman problem
Ms-51 June, 2011 Operations Research
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comJune, 2011
MS-51 : Operations Research
1. (a) Discuss the historical background of Operations Research (O.R). Explain its significance and scope in Management Des ci s ion Ma king. Enumerate the limitations of O.R.
(b) Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically.
Maximize Z = 4x1 + 6x2
Subject to constraints
x1+x2 =5
x1 ≥ 2
x2 ≤ 0
x1, x2 ≥ 0
2.(a) Derive the equation for Economic Batch Quantity (EBQ) for simultaneous production and consumption
(b) The annual demand for an item is 3200 units. The unit cost is Rs. 6/- and inventory carrying cost is 25% per annum. If the cost of one procurement is Rs. 150/- find out.
(i) Economic Order Quantity
(ii) No. of orders per year
(iii) Time between two consecutive orders
(iv) The optimal cost Mention assumptions made, if any.
3.(a) Discuss the application of dynamic programming in decision making. How is this different from linear programming ?
(b) An organization has three consultants. Each consultant can work upto 160 hours during next month during which three projects roust be completed. Project 1 will take 130 hours, Project 2 will take 140 hours and Project 3 will take 160 hours. The mount (l's.) per hour that can be billed for assigning each consultant to each project is given below:-
|
Consultant |
Project |
||
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
|
1 |
1200 |
1500 |
1900 |
|
2 |
1400 |
1300 |
1200 |
|
3 |
1600 |
1400 |
1500 |
Formulate this as a transportation problem and find the optimal solution. What is the
maximum total billing for next month ?
4. (a) Explain the meaning of Dominance Principle in Game Theory. Illustrate with a small example.
(b) A bakery keeps stock of a popular brand of cakes. Previous experience shows the daily pattern for the item with associated probabilities as given :
|
Daily Demand (Nos) |
0 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
|
Probability |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.15 |
0.5 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
Use the following sequence of random numbers to simulate the demand for next 10 days. Also find the average demand per day. Random Nos. 25, 39, 65, 76, 12, 05, 73, 89, 19, 49.
5. (a) Discuss the parameters of Queuing Problem.
(b) A self - service store employs one cashier at its counter. Nine customers arrive on an average every 5 minutes while the cashier can serve 10 customers in 5 minutes. Assuming Poisson distribution for arrival rate and exponential distribution for service rate, find
(i) Average number of customers in the system.
(ii) Average number of customers in queue or average queue length.
(iii) Average time a customer spends in the system.
(iv) Average time a customer waits before being served.
6. Write short notes on any four of the following :
(a) Branch and bound algorithm
(b) Goal Programming
(c) Non - linear Programming
(d) Assignment Problem
(e) Dual Linear Programming Problem
(f) Traveling salesman problem
Ms-51 December 2011 Operations Research
Written by sales@mbaonlinepapers.com sales@mbaonlinepapers.comDecember, 2011
Ms-51 : Operations Research
1. (a) A company produces two products A and B, each of which requires three types of
processing. -The length of time for processing each unit and the profit per unit are given in the following table :
|
Process $ |
Product A (hr/unit) |
Product B (hr/unit) |
Available capacity per day (hr) |
|
Process I |
120 |
120 |
8,400 |
|
Process II |
30 |
60 |
3,000 |
|
Process III |
80 |
40 |
4,800 |
|
Profit per unit (Rs) |
50 |
70 |
How many units of each product should the company produce per day in order to maximize the profit ? (Use simplex method to solve the problem)
(b) What is the concept of Operations Research ? "Operations Research (OR) is useful only if applied with Information Technology". Comment.
2. (a) What functions does inventory perform ? State the two basic inventory decisions
management must make in order to accomplish the functions of inventory just describe by you.
(b) A repair and maintenance company is engaged in providing service to a particular brand of popular vehicle. It uses 8000 units of a moving parts per year as replacements of the old parts. Each part costs Rs. 250/-. The setup costs are estimated at Rs. 100 and the inventory carrying cost is the average of such inventory at 20% of the price. Supply of the part is at the rate of 80 per day. Calculate the following :
(i) Optimal order quantity
(ii) Optimal number of set ups,
(iii) Total variable costs based on optimal policy.
Assume 310 working days in a year.
3. (a) Discuss various steps of Goal Programming model formulation. How does GP help in decision making ?
(b) A repair shop attended by a single machine has an average of four customers an hour who bring small appliances for repair. The mechanic inspects them for defects and quite often can fix them right away or otherwise render a diagnosis. This takes him six minutes, an average. Arrivals are Poisson and service time has exponential distribution. Determine
(i) the portion of time during which the shop is empty.
(ii) the probability of finding at least 1 customer in the shop.
(iii) the average number of customers in the system.
(iv) the average time spent, including service.
4. (a) What is a transportation problem ? How is it useful in business and industry ? Explain the differences and similarities between MODI method and stepping stone method used for solving transportation problem.
(b) A department head has four subordinates and four tasks to be performed. Subordinates differ-in efficiency and tasks differ in their intrinsic difficulty. His estimate of time each man would take to perform each task is given in the matrix below :
|
TASKS |
SUBORDINATE |
|||
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
A |
8 |
26 |
17 |
11 |
|
B |
13 |
28 |
14 |
26 |
|
C |
38 |
19 |
18 |
15 |
|
D |
19 |
26 |
24 |
10 |
How should the tasks be allotted, one to a man, so as to minimize the total manhours ?
5. (a) What do you understand by simulation ? How is a simulation technique better than
mathematical models in solving problems of business and industry ? Discuss taking suitable examples.
(b) Solve the following game by using the dominance method.
|
PLAYER B |
|||||
|
B1 |
B2 |
B3 |
|||
|
PLAYER A |
Al |
3 |
6 |
8 |
|
|
A2 |
—3 |
3 |
8 |
||
|
A3 |
4 |
3 |
6 |
||
6. Write short notes on any four of the following :
(a) A B C Analysis
(b) Dual of an LPP
(c) Saddle point in Game Theory
(d) Degeneracy in LP problem
(e) Periodic Review System
(f) Dynamic Programming
